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Games that use dice and the dice themselves date back to the Crusades, but modern craps is approximately 100 years old. Modern craps evolved from the 12th Century English game referred to as Hazard. No one knows for certain the origin of the game, although Hazard is believed to have been created by the Englishman, Sir William of Tyre, sometime in the twelfth century. It’s theorized that Sir William’s soldiers enjoyed Hazard through a blockade on the fortress Hazarth in 1125 AD. The name Hazard was gotten from the castle’s name.
Early French colonists imported the game Hazard to Canada. In the 18th century, when banished by the British, the French relocated south and settled in the south of Louisiana where they eventually became Cajuns. When they left Acadia, they brought their preferred game, Hazard, along. The Cajuns simplified the game and made it mathematically fair. It is believed that the Cajuns adjusted the title to craps, which was acquired from the name of the losing toss of two in the game of Hazard, referred to as "crabs."
From Louisiana, the game extended to the Mississippi scows and throughout the country. Most consider the dice builder John H. Winn as the father of current craps. In the early 1900s, Winn assembled the modern craps layout. He created the Do not Pass line so gamblers could wager on the dice to not win. Later, he invented the spots for Place bets and put in place the Big 6, Big 8, and Hardways.